| Traditional Greek Orthodox Christmas Carols (Kalanta) |
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| Written by Dina Teka-Efstathiou | |
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In the Greek Orthodox tradition, carols are sung on Christmas Eve (Dec. 24), New Year’s Eve (Dec. 31), Epiphany day Eve (Jan. 5). The lyrics sung on those days are different. Groups of children go from household to household in their neighborhood (much like Halloween) and sing the carols. The householders listen to the carols and reward the children with a small amount of money. Singing is accompanied by “playing” the triangles in a repeated manner (unlike the proper use of triangles in musical practice) making a characteristic sound. A triangle is made out of an iron or steel rod bent in a triangle shape, and played by holding the triangle hanging from a string and hitting it by a straight piece of rod made out of the same material. The lyrics shown below are the “standard” lyrics sung in the cities, although there are several regional variations, which are typically longer and make use of the local dialects. The word Xmas: This abbreviation for Christmas is of Greek origin. The word for Christ in Greek is Xristos. X is also the letter Chi which is the first letter of Christ’s name in the Greek alphabet. During the 16th century, Europeans began using the first initial of Christ’s name, “X” in place of the word Christ in Christmas as a short-hand form of the word. The word “carol” derives from a Greek dance called a choraulein, which was accompanied by flute music. The dance later spread throughout Europe and became particularly popular by the French, who replaced the flute music with singing. Originally, people performed carols on many occasions during the year. By the 1600s, carols involved singing only and Christmas had become the chief holiday for these songs. ΚΑΛΑΝΤΑH ιστορία των τραγουδιών που ονομάζονται κάλαντα προχωρεί πολύ βαθιά στο παρελθόν και συνδέεται με την Αρχαία Ελλάδα; Βρήκαν, μάλιστα, αρχαία γραπτά κομμάτια παρόμοια με τα σημερινά κάλαντα. Τα παιδιά της εποχής εκείνης κρατούσαν ομοίωμα καραβιού που παρίστανε τον ερχομό του θεού Διόνυσου. ‘Αλλοτε κρατούσαν κλαδί ελιάς ή δάφνης στο οποίο κρεμούσαν κόκκινες και άσπρες κλωστές. Στις κλωστές έδεναν τις προσφορές των νοικοκύρηδων. Ακόμη και σήμερα ξυπνάμε με το τριγωνάκι των παιδιών που “καλαντίζουν” από πόρτα σε πόρτα. Συχνά δεν καταλαβαίνουμε εντελώς τα λόγια των τραγουδιών. Οι στίχοι είναι φθαρμένοι, γιατί μας έρχονται από τα πολύ παλιά χρόνια. Η γλώσσα, σε πολλά σημεία, είναι βυζαντινή ή έχει στοιχεία από τον Πόντο ή την Καππαδοκία που διατηρήθηκαν σ’ αυτά τα τραγούδια. ΤΑ ΚΑΛΑΝΤΑ ΤΩΝ ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥΓΕΝΝΩΝΚαλήν ημέρα άρχοντες Καλήν ημέρα άρχοντες Καλήν Εσπέραν Άρχοντες Καλήν εσπέραν άρχοντες, CHRISTMAS CAROLSGood day gentlemen Good day gentlemen Good evening noblemen Good evening noblemen ΤΑ ΚΑΛΑΝΤΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΡΩΤΟΧΡΟΝΙΑΣ Αρχιμηνιά κι αρχιχρονιά New Year Carols It’s the beginning of the month, beginning of the year Κάλαντα των Φώτων Σήμερα τα φώτα κι ο φωτισμός |
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